Cẩm Nang Từ Vựng & Flashcard Topic TECHNOLOGY này Sẽ Giúp Em Đạt 7.0 IELTS Writing Task 2 Dễ Dàng!​

[NÂNG CAO]

become widely available= can be easily obtained or used

EX: The Internet had become widely available to households in the UK by 2000

2) be shrouded in secrecy = not able to be known

EX: The business of national security has been shrouded in secrecy.

3) break new ground = to do something completely different from what has been done before

EX: This biologist and his team members have been breaking new ground in genetic research.

4) Scientific breakthroughs= a scientific discovery or achievement

EX: With more scientific breakthroughs t the study of natural sciences has become more sought­after in recent years.

5) the advent of sth. = the introduction of new technology,

EX: a new product or a new system The advent of the jet engine resulted in a large number of very fast planes.

6) supersede / supplant sth. = replace something, often as a result of being more powerful

EX: Eventually these were superseded by “ small clock” , or French, hours, which split the day into two 12­ hour periods.

7) welcome sth. with open arms = be very pleased with sth.

EX:new TV viewers welcomed the arrival of HDTV with open arms.

8) popularise sth. = make sth. popular or present sth. to the general public

EX:The government has been trying to popularise these eco­friendly cars.

9) dependency on sth. = a situation in which you need something in order to live or succeed

EX:So integral have these time­based technologies become to day­to­day existence that our dependency on them is recognised only when they fail to work.

10) genetic engineering= scientific alteration of the structure of the genes in a living organism

EX:

Genetic engineering can be used to create more productive and disease­resistant farm animals.

11) genetically-modified food= crop plants created for human consumption using the latest molecular biology technology

EX:Gene transfer from genetically­modified food to cells of the human body has caused public concern.

12) minimise the risk of sth. = to reduce sth. harmful or unpleasant to the smallest amount or degree

EX: By minimising human involvement, the idea was to minimise the risk of flawed results.

13) Cloud computing= a term for any computing system that delivers hosted services over the Internet

EX:Cloud computing will permit access to multiple data centers anywhere on Earth.

14) telecommuting= the use of telecommunication to work outside the traditional office

EX:The benefits of telecommuting include energy conservation improved workplace safety and enhanced family values.

15) Meteorological satellites= spacecraft that can be used to observe changes in weather patterns

EX: Meteorological satellites have been used to monitor the weather and climate of the Earth.

16) communications equipment= equipment for verbal communication

EX:Soldiers will benefit from the communications equipment during natural disasters.

17) teleconferencing = group communication through an electronic medium

EX:Teleconferencing allows large companies to work more efficiently.

18) a manned mission = a spaceflight carrying or performed by human beings

EX:These scientists are discussing the possibility of a manned mission to Mars.

19) zero gravity / weightlessness = the state of having no weight, especially because of being outside the Earth’s atmosphere

EX: There are unique benefits in carrying out scientific research in space because of zero gravity.

20) experiment with sth. = try new methods or new ideas in order to find out what result they will have

EX:Pilkington had been experimenting with improving the melting process

21) satisfy human curiosity = tell us or show us what we want to hear or to see a good reason to support space exploration is to satisfy human curiosity.

22) hard-won discovery = a discovery made after a great deal of effort

EX:That their minds are not different from our own is demonstrated by the fact that the hard­won discovery of scientists like Kepler or Einstein become the commonplace knowledge of schoolchildren.

23) space race = the competition tor supremacy in outer space

EX: Some people argue that the space race is just a pointless waste of taxpayers’money.

24) social networking websites = websites that people can use to chat, play games and connect with friends and family members

EX:social networking websites like Facebook and Twitter are a good way to make connections with people with similar interests and goals.

 25) interact with = communicate and react to one another

EX: The way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology.

26) identity theft = pretending to be someone else by assuming that person’s identity

EX:Since the Internet does not require enough identification to confirm the user being the same with the owner, identity theft prevention is a very important issue.

27) e-mail fraud = the use of e­mails to defraud another person of money

EX:Three local men were convicted of e­mail fraud.

28) e-mail spamming = the practice of sending junk e­mails to a large number of people

EX:E­mail spamming can be very confusing and annoying.

29) artificial intelligence = the use of computer technology to make computers and other machines think and do things in the way people can

EX: As information management becomes increasingly complex, artificial intelligence will allow us to share information within and across organisations.

30) a high-tech gizmo = a small piece of high­tech equipment

EX: This high­tech gizmo is a fat removal device.

31) superconductor = a substance that allows an electric current to move freely through

EX:it at a very low temperature The use of maglev with super­conductors has been on the rise.

32) supersonic = faster than the speed of sound

EX: Supersonic travel can considerably reduce flight time.

33) be mechanised = be done by machine but be previously done by people or animals

EX:Mechanised farming has reduced the cost of production of various crops.

34) mass production = the process of producing large quantities of goods by using machines

EX: Some people argue that mass production of standardised goods on assembly lines is uncreative.

35) Silicon Valley = a region south of San Francisco, which is known for its huge number of IT companies.

36) information highway = the global information and communications network

EX:There is a huge amount of information on the information highway, ranging from government services to technical support.

37) speed up the pace of sth. = quicken the pace of sth.

EX: The agency’s services have helped laboratories to speed up the pace of scientific discovery.

38) set priorities = identify sth. important that must be done first

EX: The agency will set priorities for their scientific research.

39) virtual reality = an environment that is created with software and is presented to users in such a way that users believe it is real In the future children may find human relationships inconvenient and confusing, and prefer to stay inside a virtual reality.

40) high-definition = having resolution much higher than traditional devices

EX: High­definition TV can give the audience clear, crisp pictures with vivid colours

41) bring liberation from sth. = free a person from sth.

EX:Automation systems have brought liberation from exhausting labour and have set us free to enjoy more interesting work and leisure

42) automation = the use of machines to do work instead of people

EX:Some people argue that automation will result in the loss of jobs.

43) boost crop yield = increase the amount of crops that are produced

EX:The farmers avidly took to pesticides as a sure measure to b«wst crop yield.

44) It is conceivable that... = possible to imagine It is conceivable that robots will steadily replace humans in repetitive jobs.

45) realise the untapped potential of... = use the ability that is not being used at present

EX:These experts believe cloud computing will help many companies to realise their untapped potential.

46) Some scientific evidence has emerged to the contrary. = There are research results that run counter to this.

EX:There has never been any unbiased evidence that this disease is genetic; in fact, some .scientific evidence has emerged to the contrary.

47) There is considerable evidence suggesting that... = There is ample evidence that...

CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT

scientific and technological advance (or progress)

transform v.

EX: ...have transformed (or fundamentally changed/completely changed)... breakthrough n.

cutting-edge technology hi-tech adj

hi-tech features digital adj.

electronic adj.

an increasing popularity (or prevalence) of.../...be increasingly prevalent (or popular). ……

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

the information age (or era) = information explosion (or overload) the proliferation of the Internet

the extensive use of the Internet= the widespread use of the Internet surf on the Internet

log on (or onto) the Internet social networking  

EX:social networking websites promote (or facilitate) communication

have (or gain) more access to information = obtain information in various ways with the click of a mouse = with the click on the keyboard

geographical barrier

OTHER FIELDS, IN PRODUCTION

at a staggering (or astonishing) rate

productive adj.

productivity n.

enhance (or boost/augment) efficiency or productivity machinery n.

labor-saving machinery / labor-replacing machinery automation n.

automated adj.

telecommunications n.

The problem of...is becoming increasingly severe (or disturbing/grave/worrying/ serious/worrisome/troublesome) …… increasing work pressure and less quality family time

EX:cyber crime security issues violate ( or intrude on/infringe on) sb.’s privacy

identity theft pirate v.

pirated adj.

piracy n.

EX: questionable contents such as pornography and violence damage one’s health weakened eyesight radiation n.

EX: less outdoor exercise or indulge in (or be lost in) a virtual world be isolated from the real world weaken the relationships with family and friends become solitary

1. advanced science

2. scientific invention

3. exert a far­reaching impact on…

4. double­edged sword

5. earth­shaking changes

6. pay the way for the future development

7. lay a solid foundation for…

8. energy crisis

9. depletion of resources

10. milestone

11. sophisticated equipment

12. technical innovation

13. expediency

14. antithetical

15. over­commercialized

16. a heated discussion

17. exhaust gas

18. disastrous

19. overshadow

20. compared to/with…

21. usher in

22. speedy and comfortable

23. opposite forces

24. a fatal breakdown

25. potential hazards

26. pose a threat to…

27. promote relative industries

28. accelerate

29. means of transportation

30. transportation tools

31. social status

32. environmentally­friendly resources

33. make people's life easier

34. alternative fuel

35. sustainable development

36. scientific exploration

37. air travel

38. ridiculous

39. absurd

40. substitute

41. overcome difficulties

42. make progress

43. a sense of national pride

44. unprecedented

45. soaring

46. give a great push to the economic growth

47. see dramatic breakthroughs

48. aggravate

49. optimize

50. cure­all solution

1. introduce new science and technology

2. promote and popularize new products

3. the maximum choice of products

4. a love for nature

5. fast­paced modern life…

6. keep abreast with

7. ever­accelerated updating of

8. pose major technological hurdles

9. cutting­edged(adj) technology

10. information explosion/ information overload

11. the information age/ the information era

12. the proliferation of the Internet

13. technological innovations/ inventions/ advances/ progressions

14. augment/ enhance/ boost(vts) efficiency

16. labor­saving machinery

17. labor­replacing machinery

18. automation (noun)/ automated (adj)

19. biotechnology

20. cloning (noun) clone (verb)

21. telecommunications(noun)

22. space exploration

23. one's genetic makeup/ one's DNA programming

Artificial intelligence

Side effects

Technological revolution

Nuclear weapons

Soil degradation

Industrial mass‐production

Enhance working efficiency and productivity

Substitute for humans Intelligence machines

Humanization

Unnerving problems

Eye‐friendly Electronic innovation

Global village

Industrial revolution Mechanization Automation

Scientific discovery

Cloning technology

Replica of an individual organ

Organ transplant ‘ Genetic defect

Ethically and morally wrong

Space exploration

Global positioning systems

Nanotechnology

Impersonal device

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